Lasers are machines that produce thin but very powerful monochromatic beams of light or heat rays. The power of laser beams makes lasers useful for cutting and welding with great precision. They are used in medicine, in industry and especially for research, e.g. undertaking delicate eye operations, drilling holes in metal and diamonds, and providing standards of straightness in engineering. In communication systems, laser beams can be used to carry vast amounts of information by fiber optics. The first laser was built in 1960 in the US by the American physicist T.H. Maiman.
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